Lesson One ★private adj.私人的,私有的
private letter, private company, private school, 与此相反, 公立学校是public school.所以, private的反义词是public.
(public 公众; public letter 公开信; public place 公共场所) adj.普通的
private citizen 普通公民:
I’m a private citizen. n.列兵,二等兵,the lowest rank in the army: 《拯救大兵瑞恩》《Private Ryan》 同根词扩展 privacy n.隐私 : It’s privacy.这是我的隐私! privatize vt. 使私有化, privatize the railway lines privately adv. 习惯用语:
in private:
I've got to talk to you in private. 我得私下和你谈谈。 ★conversation
n.谈话 conversation 用于正式文体中, 如:We had a long telephone conversation. talk 用于较随便的场合, 如:I met Mrs. Janes at the shop and had a long talk with her. chat 指“闲谈”、“聊天”、“侃”, 如:We need less chat and more work if we're to finish this job today. dialogue 指“双方对话或戏剧的对白”, 如:The dialogue remained light and friendly. discussion 指“讨论”、“商议”, 如:I had a long discussion with my friends about the matter. gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短, Don’t listen to gossip.别听信流言蜚语。 have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 动词变名词 同根词扩展 Converse v. 交谈、谈心(比talk 更正式) The students converse with each other in English. 习惯用语:
have/hold a conversation with 和...交谈
in conversation with (在)和...谈话 ★
theatre go to the theatre去看戏 ★seat
n.座位 have a good seat,这里的seat指place, 而不是chair. take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐 下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见 : Is the seat taken?(这个位置有人吗?) Sorry, this seat is taken. v. 使…就坐 He seated the boy on the chair.他让那个男孩坐在椅子上。 be seated坐着,表示状态 作为动词的seat与sit的区别 sit--vi; seat—vt eg: He is sitting there.他住在那儿.
You seat him.你给他找个位置. seat oneself 让某人就坐 ★angry
adj. 生气的 cross=angry ;
I was angry.He was cross. Be angry at/about sth
Be angry with sb annoyed: 恼火的; 程 I was annoyed. 度 I was angry/cross. 加 I was very angry. 深 be blue in the face : I am blue in the face.(脸色都青了, 相当生气了) ★attention Pay attention to sb./sth ★bear(bore,borne)
v. 容忍 bear=stand
I can't bear/stand you endure :忍受,容忍 put up with :忍受 I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with him bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大 put up with=bear=stand n.熊
white bear;
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱 give sb a bear hug ★business
n. 事, 生意 business man :生意人; do business: 做生意, do business with sb. Business is business.公事公办. on business出差:I went to Tianjin on business. It's my business (指私人的事, 自己处理的事) it's none of your business 词辨: thing
可以指事情,也可以指东西 matter一般指麻烦事,难题 affair事件,affairs一般指商业事务及政府事务 Lesson Two ★until
prep.直到 直到...才; 直到...为止 I didn't get up until 12 o'clock. ★outside
adv. 外面 He is waiting for me outside. It is cold outside. ★ring(rang.rung)
v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)
[注这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事
The telephone(door bell) is ringing. 而风铃等响要用jingle jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当 给某人打电话 : ring sb. Tomorrow I'll ring you. 打电话(名) : give sb. a ring 戒指(名词) n ★aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有大一辈的女性都用这个称呼) 与此相同, 男性则是uncle: 叔叔 他们的孩子 : cousin : 堂兄妹(不分男女) cousin的孩子 : nephew : 外甥, niece : 外甥女 Lesson Three ★send
v. 寄, 送 寄信 : send a letter 用法 : send sth to sb/send sb sth 类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell... send/take children to school 区别 : take : 强调某人亲自送; take flowers to his wife 自己送 send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送 ★postcard
n. 明信片
[注意]/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音
send him a card 简写为card, 由此引申出 : namecard/visiting card : 名片 Here is my namecard.(口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作) ID card:身份证; ID : 身分, 身份 (identification, identity) credit card:信用卡 cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种) ★spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏(重点词) 几种破坏 : break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃 damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重 destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁 以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上 spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱 1、宠坏 His parents spoiled the boy. 2、毁了某人心情. This spoiled my day. What you said spoiled me. His arrival spoiled my hoilday. ★museum
n. 博物馆 Palace Museum:故宫 ★public
adj. 公共的 这个词我们在第一课见过了, 基本用法和private一起记. 下面再说两点 : public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所 in public:公开的; in private:私下里的(介词短语在英语中往往充当状语) Let’s have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈? Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?) ★friendly
adj. 友好的 虽以-ly结尾,却是形容词, 同样的还有lovely adj. friendly单独用, 形容词, 一般做定语来用 作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way waiter
n. 服务员, 招待员 waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里 领班 : chief waiter 商店里的店员 : shop assistant 其他公共场所的服务员:attendant ★lend
v. 借给 lend to / lend sth.to sb/ lend sb.sth. 借进 : borrow: borrow from; 但borrow不能用 borrow sb sth. ★decision
n. 决定 v. decide make a big/great dicision (重大/伟大, 更重大) ★whole
adj. 整个的 all the... : all the day (the可省略) the whole.. : the whole day. all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词 一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加the all of us;all of the students ★single
adj. 唯一的, 单一的 反义词 : double 双倍的 Lesson Four ★exciting
adj. 令人兴奋的 excited: -ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到 exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩 interesting man The man is interesting. The news exciting, I am excited 这类动词的宾语一定是人 The news excited me. 让后面的人感到... interesting:令人感到有趣的 interested: 感到有意思的 The book interests me.那本事让我感到很有趣 ★receive
v. 接受, 收到 accept : 同意接收 receive:客观的收到 This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept it. take 也可以作收到 take the exam : 接收考试;
take advice接收建议 receive/have receive/have a letter from somebody. ★firm
n. 商行, 公司 company ★abroad
adv. 在国外 副词, 直接和动词连用 go aroad 去国外 live abroad 国外定居 study abroad 国外学习 |